药用淀粉生产工艺改进研究

用十二烷基硫酸钠或十二烷基磺酸钠与亚硫酸的混合液浸泡玉米，能有效地降低玉米淀粉中的蛋白质含量，较单独用亚硫酸浸泡，所得玉米淀粉的蛋白质含量可分别降低４０％和３５％。     

虎杖结晶4号对大鼠工作心脏功能的影响

虎杖4号结晶(简称PD)对正常大鼠离体工作心脏有明显的正性肌力作用,但不加快心率,PD能对抗普萘洛尔的负性肌力作用。PD还能拮抗苯巴比妥钠所致心力衰竭。     

Fecal stream is essential for adaptive induction of glucose-coupled sodium transport in the remnant ileum after total proctocolectomy

Our previous studies demonstrated that sodium glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT-1) was induced in the remnant ileum of total colectomized rats via the action of factors other than hyperaldosteronism. The aim of the present study was to clarify whether fecal stream is required for the enhancement of SGLT-1-mediated sodium transport. Twenty-seven pairs of ileal tissues were obtained from the proximal and distal side, respectively, of loop ileostomy after total proctocolectomy. Mucosae were mounted in an Ussing chamber to evaluate glucose-coupled sodium transport. Levels of SGLT-1 mRNA in proximal and distal mucosae were compared by Northern blotting. Villous height and crypt depth were measured to test for correlations between mucosal structure and SGLT-1-mediated sodium transport or mRNA expression levels. Both glucose-coupled sodium transport and expression of SGLT-1 mRNA were significantly lower in distal mucosae relative to proximal mucosae. In distal mucosae, villous height, but not crypt depth, was significantly lower than in proximal mucosae, demonstrating a positive correlation between villous height and SGLT-1 function and expression. Comparative studies of proximal and distal mucosae demonstrated that in addition to hormonal changes, fecal stream is required for full induction of the sodium transport system (which includes SGLT-1-mediated transport) in the remnant ileum following total proctocolectomy. Presented in part at the Forty-Sixth Annual Meeting of The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Chicago, Illinois, May 14–19, 2005 (poster presentation). This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research 10557118 and 14657295 from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan to K. Fukushima, and by Kanae Foundation to K. Fukushima.     

大鼠长期服苯妥英锌或苯妥英钠对体内锌铜代谢的影响

本文用原子吸收分光光度法测定了大鼠分别服用苯妥英锌和苯妥英钠13周后(每天剂量为12mg/kg体重),肝脏、全脑、齿龈和血清锌铜的含量。苯妥英锌使齿龈和肝脏锌分别增高80％和49％,全脑和血清锌分别降低39％和35％,而苯妥英钠使齿龈和肝脏锌分别降低70％和28％,血清锌增高41％。两药均使全脑和齿龈铜降低。     

示差导数光谱法测定感冒通片中双氯灭痛和扑尔敏的含量

本文利用示差导数光谱法对感冒通片中双氯灭痛和扑尔敏进行定量测定。本法用同一样品液,在同一测定条件下完成,具有操作简便、快速、灵敏度高和重现性好等特点,双氯灭痛和扑尔敏的平均回收率分别为99.5%和97.3%,变异系数分别为0.42%和0.63%.     

Sodium channels accumulate at the tips of injured axons

The axolemmal distribution of voltage-gated sodium channels largely determines the regions of axonal electrical excitability. Using a wellcharacterized anti–sodium channel antibody, we examined peripheral nerve fibers focally injured by exposure to the neurotoxic agent, potassium tellurite (K₂TeO₃). Immunocytochemical and radioimmunoassay data showed a focal accumulation of sodium channels within the tips of injured axons. The major increase in sodium channel concentration occurred between 7 and 11 days after toxin exposure; however, immunocytochemically, excess sodium channels persisted in several axonal endings for a much longer time. The accumulation of sodium channels at injured axonal tips may be responsible, in part, for ectopic axonal excitability and the resulting abnormal sensory phenomena (especially pain and paresthesias) which frequently complicate peripheral nerve injury in humans. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

麦考酚酸酯及其临床应用进展

目的:麦考酚酸酯(MMF)是一种新型的免疫抑制剂.在临床应用中,MMF的使用也越来越广泛,已不仅仅局限于器官移植,还涉及到系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)、自体免疫风湿性疾病的治疗,以及在糖尿病,肺部血管高压的辅助治疗等诸多方面.肠包衣麦考酚酸钠,是一种新的可抵抗胃溶作用的麦考酚酸肠包衣剂型,药物在肠内释放,可以降低胃肠道(GI)不良反应的发生.     

Expression of Na+/HCO3− co‐transporter proteins (NBCs) in rat and human skeletal muscle

Aim: Sodium/bicarbonate co‐transport (NBC) has been suggested to have a role in muscle pH regulation. We investigated the presence of NBC proteins in rat and human muscle samples and the fibre type distribution of the identified NBCs. Methods and results: Western blotting of muscle homogenates and sarcolemmal membranes (sarcolemmal giant vesicles) were used to screen for the presence of NBCs. Immunohistochemistry was used for the subcellular localization. The functional test revealed that approximately half of the pH recovery in sarcolemmal vesicles produced from rat muscle is mediated by bicarbonate‐dependent transport. This indicates that the NBCs are preserved in the vesicles. The western blotting experiments demonstrated the existence of at least two NBC proteins in skeletal muscle. One NBC protein (approximately 150 kDa) seems to be related to the kidney/pancreas/heart isoform NBC1, whereas the other protein (approximately 200 kDa) is related to the NBC4 isoform. The two NBC proteins represent the electrogenic isoforms named NBCe1 and NBCe2. Membrane fractionation and immunofluorescence techniques confirmed that the two NBCs are located in the sarcolemmal membrane as well as in some internal membranes, probably the T‐tubules. The two NBCs localized in muscle have distinct fibre type distributions. Conclusions: Skeletal muscle possesses two variants of the sodium/bicarbonate co‐transporter (NBC) isoforms, which have been called NBCe1 and NBCe2.     

Sodium renal imaging in mice at high magnetic fields.

This work presents the first sodium MRI functional renal study on a mouse model. The tissue sodium concentration was monitored during induced diuresis with furosemide. By using density-weighted chemical shift imaging (DWCSI) at high field strength a temporal resolution of less than 5 min for three dimensional (3D) data sets with high spatial resolution was achieved. A maximum increase of 20% in the cortex and a decrease of 45% of the original signal strength in the medulla were observed. These findings correspond well with experiments conducted on much larger rodent models.